most campaign contributions for texas legislature races come from

APPLICATION OF CONTRIBUTION AND REIMBURSEMENT LIMITS TO CERTAIN CANDIDATES. 5, eff. 864, Sec. (b) A person may not knowingly accept a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. What do interest groups most want from policy makers? Incorrect Answer(s) 253.134. Why did 11 Texas senators go to Albuquerque, New Mexico on July 28, 2003? such as textbooks, contact OpenSecrets: info[at]crp.org. Jan. 1, 1992. 5 Most Expensive Elections General elections for all 150 districts in the Texas House of Representatives took place on Nov. 8, 2022. An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry. all answers apply Open revolt began in late 1835 when Texas and Mexican forces fought over -a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas. ~~~~~\text{Telephone bill} & & 35.00 & 41.20\\ The race received significant media attention and became the most expensive U.S. Senate election in history up to that point (until the 2020-21 Georgia special election between incumbent Kelly Loeffler and Raphael Warnock). Which of the following is the most likely reason a Legislature would attack a closed rider to a bill? influencing governmental decisions on behalf of an interest group. (b) Notwithstanding Section 253.153, a person to whom this section applies may accept political contributions beginning on the date the person assumes the duties of office and ending on the 60th day after that date. (b) Subsection (a)(2) does not apply to a political contribution that was made and accepted with the intent that it be used to defray expenses incurred in connection with an election, including the repayment of any debt that is: (1) incurred directly by the making of a campaign expenditure during the period beginning on the date the application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention was required to be filed for the election in which the candidate last appeared on the ballot and ending on the date of that election; and. What was the result of the case Hunt v. Cromartie (1999) in terms of political gerrymandering? (a-2) In addition to the contribution limits imposed on each contribution in Subsection (a-1), a judicial candidate or officeholder may not accept a political contribution in excess of $50 from a general-purpose committee if the contribution, when aggregated with all political contributions from all general-purpose committees in connection with an election, would exceed: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $300,000; (2) for the office of chief justice or justice, court of appeals: (A) $75,000, if the population of the judicial district is more than one million; or, (B) $52,500, if the population of the judicial district is one million or less; or. You cannot donate $2,800 for each state primary in which the candidate is running. (a) The commission may impose a civil penalty against a person as provided by this subchapter only after a formal hearing as provided by Subchapter E, Chapter 571, Government Code. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1096, Sec. June 16, 1995. Correct Answer(s) The drawing of legislative districts to favor one political party over another is known as? Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Sept. 1, 1999; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. Sec. If the legislature takes the action necessary to . 937, Sec. Which of the following is a type of media that includes advertising in newspapers, magazines, and direct mail? 763, Sec. (A) a person designated "of counsel" or "of the firm"; (B) a partner of the law firm, whether an individual or an entity; (D) a shareholder of the law firm, whether an individual or an entity; or. They are public servants who do not personally profit from their backgrounds. There are unconstitutional portions of voting rights act of 1965. Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sec. A voter who wants his representative to make decisions based solely on the will of the people desires which type of representative? $$ - California has more lobbyists per capita than Texas, Study the following table, and determine which of the following statements are accurate. issue advocacy Define the restricted and unrestricted models if the hypotheses are In the case Evenwel V. Abbott (2016), the plaintiffs argued that legislative districts should be drawn based on what important factor? (c) This section does not apply to a payment made in connection with real property that was purchased before January 1, 1992. The House and Senate can override a governor's veto with what kind of vote? 2.09, eff. In cases with more, the numbers are combined to get a complete picture of the money raised. Sept. 1, 1997. LIABILITY TO STATE. 1647), Sec. June 16, 1995. Which of the following is the primary goal of an interest group? (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure in violation of this chapter. 3, eff. Sept. 1, 1997. (a) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. $$ Sec. Sec. 3233), Sec. CIVIL PENALTY. The lieutenant governor is not formally a Senator and cannot vote except in cases of a tie, yet her or she has great power over rah Senate. 1, eff. 763, Sec. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure wholly or partly from a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. PACs offer greater accountability and transparency. resulting in a nal price of $130,000. If only a small portion of a PAC's activity is in connection with state and local elections in Texas, the political committee may be an out-of-state political committee and therefore not . 3.13 & 3.49 \\ What are ways that political action committees (PACs) can engage in the electoral process? Critics have accused it of being -. 253.096. Sign up for our newsletter to track moneys influence on U.S. elections and public policy. ~~~~~\text{Parking/tolls} & & 15.00 & 15.00\\[10pt] 1087 (H.B. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. be resold at Simards expense, as required by state law. In this subchapter: (1) "Child" means a person under 18 years of age who is not and has not been married or who has not had the disabilities of minority removed for general purposes. How much did they budget for transportation costs? (2) for any other judicial office, $5,000. (b) This section does not apply to a political expenditure that is: (2) made from a political contribution made in violation of Subchapter F. Sec. Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. (b) A general-purpose committee may not knowingly make a political contribution to another general-purpose committee unless the other committee is listed in the campaign treasurer appointment of the contributor committee. Incorrect Answer(s) Race can be a factor but not a predominate factor. 905 (H.B. The contribution limits work a little differently for presidential campaigns. Incorrect Answer(s) To be eligible to run for the Texas house you must: To be eligible to run for the state senate you must: About 1/3 of the Texas legislature is composed of: A. (3) for an office other than an office included under Subdivision (1) or (2): (A) $52,500, if the population of the judicial district is more than one million; (B) $30,000, if the population of the judicial district is 250,000 to one million; or. 3233), Sec. Jan. 1, 1992. - League of United Latin American Citizens Why? Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts. 1, eff. How long is the Texas legislative session? LOANS FROM PERSONAL FUNDS. 1, eff. c. H0:p0.24;HA:p>0.24\mathrm{H}_0: \mathrm{p} \leq 0.24 ; \mathrm{H}_A: \mathrm{p}>0.24H0:p0.24;HA:p>0.24. The candidate can then raise an additional $115,340 in qualifying contributions that the state will match, for a total of $319,442. Minors. CONTRIBUTION FROM CORPORATION OR LABOR ORGANIZATION. Using these suppositions, analyze the Table AMS $10.1$ data and write a report for presentation to the team that indicates your findings. 3.75 & 3.89 \\ 5, eff. (b) Following certification of population under Subsection (a), the commission or county clerk, as appropriate, shall make available to each candidate for an office covered by this subchapter written notice of the contribution limits applicable to the office the candidate seeks. 253.037. The practice of redrawing electoral boundaries for political advantage is known as what? On . (f) Repealed by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 17(2), eff. (i) "Personal use" does not include the use of contributions for: (1) defending a criminal action or prosecuting or defending a civil action brought by or against the person in the person's status as a candidate or officeholder; or. D) federal matching funds. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. Sec. 763, Sec. (b) This section does not apply to a contribution from an out-of-state political committee if the committee appointed a campaign treasurer under Chapter 252 before the contribution was made and is subject to the reporting requirements of Chapter 254. For purposes of this section, the members of a labor organization are considered to be corporate stockholders. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. (c) This section does not apply to a political contribution made or accepted in violation of Subchapter F. (d) Except as provided by Subsection (e), a person who violates this section commits an offense. Across all contested General elections, candidates raised $51.2 million. Half of all Texans believe that they can trust all or most people in their neighborhood. CANDIDATES, OFFICEHOLDERS, AND POLITICAL COMMITTEES. A(n) - is a private group that raises and distributes funds for use in a candidate's election campaigns. 3233), Sec. If the trend holds true, we should see another $29.60 million flow into Texas campaign coffers before election day. How long is the Texas legislature in session? SUBCHAPTER F. JUDICIAL CAMPAIGN FAIRNESS ACT. (a) For purposes of this subchapter only, not later than June 1 of each odd-numbered year, the commission shall: (1) make a written certification of the population of each judicial district for which a candidate for judge or justice must file a campaign treasurer appointment with the commission; and. CONTRIBUTIONS TO DIRECT EXPENDITURE ONLY COMMITTEES. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make a political contribution from its own property to a political committee that: (1) is not established or controlled by a candidate or an officeholder; (2) makes or intends to make direct campaign expenditures; (3) does not make or intend to make political contributions to: (C) a specific-purpose committee established or controlled by a candidate or an officeholder; or, (D) a political committee that makes or intends to make political contributions to a candidate, an officeholder, or a specific-purpose committee established or controlled by a candidate or an officeholder; and. 2586), Sec. Sept. 1, 1997. (a-1) A candidate or officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for supporting, opposing, or assisting the candidate or officeholder may not knowingly make or authorize a payment from a political contribution for the rental or purchase of real property from: (1) a person related within the second degree by consanguinity or affinity, as determined under Chapter 573, Government Code, to the candidate or officeholder; or. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. (h) Except as provided by Section 253.0351 or 253.042, a candidate or officeholder who makes political expenditures from the candidate's or officeholder's personal funds may reimburse those personal funds from political contributions in the amount of those expenditures only if: (1) the expenditures from personal funds were fully reported as political expenditures, including the payees, dates, purposes, and amounts of the expenditures, in the report required to be filed under this title that covers the period in which the expenditures from personal funds were made; and. - biased information. Sec. 253.095. white non-Hispanics made up about 38% of the state's population Hispanics evangelical Protestants overwhelmingly identify themselves as Republican (a) In a reporting period, a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept political contributions totaling more than $500 from an out-of-state political committee unless, before accepting a contribution that would cause the total to exceed $500, the candidate, officeholder, or political committee, as applicable, receives from the out-of-state committee: (1) a written statement, certified by an officer of the out-of-state committee, listing the full name and address of each person who contributed more than $100 to the out-of-state committee during the 12 months immediately preceding the date of the contribution; or. -money answered expert verified Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from 1.federal matching funds. A corporation or labor organization may make campaign contributions from its own property to a political committee that has filed an affidavit with the committee's campaign treasurer appointment in accordance with Section 252.003(a)(4) or 252.0031(a)(2). 249, Sec. In its 2013 Shelby v. Holder decision about voting rights, the Supreme Court found out what as far as portions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965? Based on data released by the FEC on April 01, 2021. (b) For purposes of this subchapter, a contribution by a child of an individual is considered to be a contribution by the individual. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 905 (H.B. However, thanks to the Citizens United Supreme. 304, Sec. 17(2), eff. 384 (H.B. 1096, Sec. RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTION OR EXPENDITURE BY GENERAL-PURPOSE COMMITTEE. 304, Sec. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1, eff. - Texas has more registered lobbyists per capita than just about any other state 10, eff. policies that are beneficial to their group, Analyze the infographic below, and determine which of the following statements about contributions to the Texas legislature in 2014 are correct. Why are former legislators perceived to be effective lobbyists? for $192,000. | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | Capital Eye Opener, Dec. 13: Women Donors for Obama, Ashley Judd Favored for Dems' Senate Nomination, and More. 2492), Sec. (b) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure in the name of or on behalf of another unless the person discloses in writing to the person on whose behalf the expenditure is made the name and address of the person actually making the expenditure in order for the person on whose behalf the expenditure is made to make the proper disclosure. 384 (H.B. Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. Jan. 1, 1992. Correct Answer(s) - credibility PUNISHMENT OF AGENT. Which of the following are changes in campaign financing allowed by the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission decision? June 2, 2019. 9, eff. June 16, 1995. (b) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee or a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept a political contribution, and shall refuse a political contribution that is received, in the Capitol or a courthouse. Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Sec. 1, eff. Personal funds deposited in an account in which political contributions are held are subject to Section 253.035 and must be included in the reports of the total amount of political contributions maintained required by Sections 254.031(a)(8) and 254.0611(a). (d) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee shall include the statement or copy required by Subsection (a) as a part of the report filed under Chapter 254 that covers the reporting period to which Subsection (a) applies. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Which Legislative function is the committee demonstrating? According to Table 3.6, does the Texas House or Senate have a greater proportion of Safe Republican Seats? 899, Sec. 3233), Sec. (a) For purposes of the contribution limits prescribed by Section 253.155 or 253.157 and the limit on reimbursement of personal funds and repayment of certain loans prescribed by Section 253.162, the general and primary elections are considered separate elections for a candidate whose name appears on the ballot. Sept. 1, 2003. What is the pay of a member of the Texas legislature, taking into account salary and per diem compensation, in a year that the legislature is in session? Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. Sec. 3, eff. - Lawyers and lobbyists give about equally to Democrats and Republicans CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS BY JUDICIAL CANDIDATES, OFFICEHOLDERS, AND COMMITTEES RESTRICTED. 1, eff. Who Raised the Most? Except for the Revolving Door section, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License by OpenSecrets.org. Sec. Contributions are subject to the Act's source prohibitions. One more note: Candidates must provide detailed information (name, address, occupation, employer, and date of contribution) about their donors when the donor gives the candidate more than $90 in a given reporting cycle. 3233), Sec. Of the following groups like Democrats, Hispanics, Females, Incumbents, what group benefits the most from gerrymandering? (2) the report on which the expenditures from personal funds are disclosed clearly designates those expenditures as having been made from the person's personal funds and that the expenditures are subject to reimbursement. (3) is not broadcast, cablecast, published in a newspaper or magazine, or placed on a billboard. For permission to reprint for commercial uses, 1239 (H.B. 253.1541. Correct Answer(s) This title does not prohibit the imposition of civil penalties by the commission in addition to criminal penalties or other sanctions imposed by law. (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multimember plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? 4, eff. (c) An offense under this section is a felony of the third degree. -140 days -6 months -one year -two years, True or false: Under the Texas Constitution, the power to tax resides with the legislature., The Texas State Senate consists of _____ members, who are elected to _____ year terms. \text{Household} & & & \\ For example, among the states studied, Florida, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin all held gubernatorial elections alongside their state legislative elections in 2018 but not 2020. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; Communications: Alison Graves Carley Allensworth Abigail Campbell Sarah Groat Caitlin Vanden Boom (b) This section does not apply to a political expenditure made or authorized in violation of Subchapter F. Sec. September 1, 2019. View candidates by campaign cycle to see who has raised the most. contributors who live outside the district. Another fiveAlabama, Nebraska, Oregon, Utah and Virginiaallow corporations to contribute an unlimited amount of money to state campaigns. A) Super PACs About __% of Texas House seats are considered competitive. The others . The term does not include: (1) payments made to defray ordinary and necessary expenses incurred in connection with activities as a candidate or in connection with the performance of duties or activities as a public officeholder, including payment of rent, utility, and other reasonable housing or household expenses incurred in maintaining a residence in Travis County by members of the legislature who do not ordinarily reside in Travis County, but excluding payments prohibited under Section 253.038; or. 3.96 & 4.36 \\ If they are invalid hypotheses, explain why. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. June 17, 2011. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 384 (H.B. Which of the following would be considered an interest group? (b) The contribution limits under this section are: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $5,000; or. 384 (H.B. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 2586), Sec. 899, Sec. Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. (a) During the period beginning on the 30th day before the date a regular legislative session convenes and continuing through the 20th day after the date of final adjournment, a person not a member of the caucus may not knowingly make a contribution to a legislative caucus. Which of the following is not among the powers of the Speaker of the House in the Texas House of Representatives? 40, eff. (e) In this section, "legislative caucus" means an organization that is composed exclusively of members of the legislature, that elects or appoints officers and recognizes identified legislators as members of the organization, and that exists for research and other support of policy development and interests that the membership hold in common. The house and senate can override a governors get with a ___ vote. Incorrect answers: Who submits a recommended budget to the Texas legislature? Were the amounts spent for transportation during the month more or less than the amount budgeted? Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. September 1, 2009. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make one or more direct campaign expenditures from its own property for the purpose of communicating directly with its stockholders or members, as applicable, or with the families of its stockholders or members. Sec. (A) $1,000, if the population of the judicial district is less than 250,000; (B) $2,500, if the population of the judicial district is 250,000 to one million; or. 7 (d) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount by which the reimbursement made in violation of this section exceeds the applicable limit prescribed by Subsection (a). A state senator that usually considers all options and then chooses the on he or she believes is the best is demonstrating what kind of representational role? 253.159. What is the pay of a member of the Texas legislature, taking into account salary, per diem compensation, in a year that the legislature is in session? Feel free to distribute or cite this material, but please credit OpenSecrets. Which type of legislative committee is most important? $$. Directions Read the following questions. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law and except as provided by Subsection (c), a person who knowingly makes or authorizes a political contribution or political expenditure that is a political contribution to another candidate, officeholder, or political committee, or direct campaign expenditure, from political contributions accepted by the person as a candidate or officeholder may not engage in any activities that require the person to register under Chapter 305, Government Code, during the two-year period after the date the person makes or authorizes the political contribution or direct campaign expenditure. \end{array} Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. The contest was unusually competitive for an election in Texas, with most polls showing Cruz only slightly ahead. 2, eff. CASH CONTRIBUTIONS EXCEEDING $100 PROHIBITED. D. The legislature of each only meets once a year. OFFICEHOLDER CONTRIBUTIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH CAMPAIGN. (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder, a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate, or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not use a political contribution to make a campaign expenditure for judicial office or to make an officeholder expenditure in connection with a judicial office if the contribution was accepted while the candidate or officeholder: (1) was a candidate for an office other than a judicial office; or.

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